June 8

June 8 is the 159th day of the year (160th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 206 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 68 – The Roman Senate proclaims Galba as emperor.
• 793 – Vikings raid the abbey at Lindisfarne in Northumbria, commonly accepted as the beginning of the Scandinavian invasion of England.
• 1191 – Richard I arrives in Acre thus beginning his crusade.
• 1405 – Richard le Scrope, Archbishop of York and Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Norfolk, are executed in York on Henry IV's orders.
• 1690 – Siddi general Yadi Sakat, razes the Mazagon Fort in Mumbai.
• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Trois-Rivières – American attackers are driven back at Trois-Rivières, Quebec.
• 1783 – The volcano Laki, in Iceland, begins an eight-month eruption which kills over 9,000 people and starts a seven-year famine.
• 1789 – James Madison introduces twelve proposed amendments to the United States Constitution in the House of Representatives; by 1791, ten of them are ratified by the state legislatures and become the Bill of Rights; another is eventually ratified in 1992 to become the 27th Amendment.
• 1856 – A group of 194 Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the mutineers of HMS Bounty, arrives at Norfolk Island commencing the Third Settlement of the Island.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Tennessee secedes from the Union.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Cross Keys – Confederate forces under General Stonewall Jackson save the Army of Northern Virginia from a Union assault on the James Peninsula led by General George B. McClellan.
• 1887 – Herman Hollerith applies for US patent #395,791 for the 'Art of Applying Statistics' — his punched card calculator.
• 1906 – Theodore Roosevelt signs the Antiquities Act into law, authorizing the President to restrict the use of certain parcels of public land with historical or conservation value.
• 1912 – Carl Laemmle incorporates Universal Pictures.
• 1928 – Second Northern Expedition: The National Revolutionary Army captures Peking, whose name is changed to Beijing.
• 1941 – World War II: Allies invade Syria and Lebanon.
• 1942 – World War II: Japanese imperial submarines I-21 and I-24 shell the Australian cities of Sydney and Newcastle.
• 1948 – Milton Berle hosts the debut of Texaco Star Theater.
• 1949 – Celebrities Helen Keller, Dorothy Parker, Danny Kaye, Fredric March, John Garfield, Paul Muni and Edward G. Robinson are named in an FBI report as Communist Party members.
• 1950 – Sir Thomas Blamey becomes the only Australian-born Field Marshal in Australian history.
• 1953 – Flint-Worcester tornado outbreak sequence: A tornado hits Flint, Michigan, and kills 115. This is the last tornado to claim more than 100 lives.
• 1953 – The United States Supreme Court rules that Washington, D.C. restaurants could not refuse to serve black patrons.
• 1959 – The USS Barbero and United States Postal Service attempt the delivery of mail via Missile Mail.
• 1966 – One of the XB-70 Valkyrie prototypes is destroyed in a mid-air collision with a F-104 Starfighter chase plane during a photo shoot. NASA pilot Joseph A. Walker and United States Air Force test pilot Carl Cross are both killed.
• 1966 – Topeka, Kansas is devastated by a tornado that registers as an "F5" on the Fujita Scale: the first to exceed US$100 million in damages. Sixteen people are killed, hundreds more injured, and thousands of homes damaged or destroyed.
• 1967 – Six-Day War: The USS Liberty incident occurs, killing 34 and wounding 171.
• 1968 – James Earl Ray is arrested for the murder of Martin Luther King, Jr.
• 1982 – Bluff Cove Air Attacks during the Falklands War: 56 British servicemen are killed by Argentine air attack on two landing ships : RFA Sir Galahad and RFA Sir Tristram.
• 1984 – Homosexuality is declared legal in the Australia state of New South Wales.
• 1987 – New Zealand's Labour government establishes a national nuclear-free zone under the New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act 1987
• 1992 – The first World Ocean Day is celebrated, coinciding with the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
• 1995 – Downed U.S. Air Force pilot Captain Scott O'Grady is rescued by U.S. Marines in Bosnia.
• 1995 – The first release of the PHP programming language is released by Rasmus Lerdorf.
• 2007 – Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia, is hit by the State's worst storms and flooding in 30 years resulting in the death of nine people and the grounding of trade ship, the MV Pasha Bulker.
• 2008 – The Akihabara massacre takes place in the Akihabara shopping quarter in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. Tomohiro Katō drives a two-ton truck into a crowd before leaving the truck and attacking people with a knife.

Births

• 1625 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini, Italian scientist and astronomer (d. 1712)
• 1671 – Tomaso Albinoni, Italian composer (d. 1751)
• 1717 – John Collins, American politician (d. 1795)
• 1724 – John Smeaton, English civil engineer (d. 1794)
• 1743 – Alessandro Cagliostro, Italian adventurer (d. 1795)
• 1745 – Caspar Wessel, Danish mathematician (d. 1818)
• 1757 – Cardinal Ercole Consalvi, Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal (d. 1824)
• 1810 – Robert Schumann, German composer (d. 1856)
• 1831 – Thomas J. Higgins, decorated Union Army soldier (d. 1917)
• 1842 – John Q. A. Brackett, 36^th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1918)
• 1847 – Ida McKinley, First Lady of the United States (d. 1907)
• 1851 – Jacques-Arsène d'Arsonval, French physicist (d. 1940)
• 1854 – Douglas Colin Cameron, Canadian politician (d. 1921)
• 1855 – George Charles Haité, English designer, painter and illustrator (d.1924)
• 1859 – Smith Wigglesworth, British religious figure (d. 1947)
• 1860 – Alicia Boole Stott, Irish mathematician (d. 1940)
• 1867 – Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect (d. 1959)
• 1872 – Jan Frans De Boever, Belgian painter (d. 1949)
• 1885 – Karl Genzken, Nazi physician (d. 1957)
• 1897 – John G. Bennett, British scientist and author (d. 1974)
• 1901 – Lena Baker, American murderer (d. 1945)
• 1903 – Ralph Yarborough, U.S. Senator from Texas (d. 1996)
• 1903 – Marguerite Yourcenar, French author (d. 1987)
• 1910 – John W. Campbell, American publisher and editor (d. 1971)
• 1910 – Fernand Fonssagrives, French photographer (d. 2003)
• 1911 – Edmundo Rivero, Argentine singer (d. 1986)
• 1912 – Harry Holtzman, American abstract artist (d. 1987)
• 1912 – Maurice Bellemare, Canadian politician (d. 1989)
• 1916 – Francis Crick, English molecular biologist; Nobel laureate (d. 2004)
• 1916 – Luigi Comencini, Italian film director (d. 2007)
• 1917 – Byron White, American football player and Supreme Court Justice (d. 2002)
• 1918 – Robert Preston, American actor (d. 1987)
• 1918 – John D. Roberts, American chemist
• 1920 – Gwen Harwood, Australian poet (d. 1995)
• 1921 – LeRoy Neiman, American painter
• 1921 – Alexis Smith, Canadian actress (d. 1993)
• 1921 – Suharto, President of Indonesia (d. 2008)
• 1923 – Malcolm Boyd, American Episcopal Priest and author
• 1924 – Lyn Nofziger, American political operative (d. 2006)
• 1925 – Barbara Bush, First Lady of the United States
• 1925 – Eddie Gaedel, American baseball player (d. 1961)
• 1925 – Del Ennis, baseball player (d. 1996)
• 1927 – Jerry Stiller, American comedian and actor
• 1930 – Robert Aumann, German-born Israeli mathematician; Nobel laureate
• 1930 – Marcel Léger, Quebec politician (d. 1993)
• 1931 – Dana Wynter, German-born American actress
• 1933 – Joan Rivers, American comedian and author
• 1934 – Millicent Martin, English singer and actress
• 1936 – James Darren, American actor and singer
• 1936 – Kenneth G. Wilson, American physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1939 – Bernie Casey, American football player and actor
• 1940 – Nancy Sinatra, American singer
• 1940 – Jim Wickwire, American mountaineer
• 1941 – Robert Bradford, Northern Irish politician (d. 1981)
• 1941 – Fuzzy Haskins, American musician (P Funk)
• 1942 – Nikos Konstantopoulos, Greek politician
• 1942 – Doug Mountjoy, Welsh snooker player
• 1942 – Chuck Negron, American singer (Three Dog Night)
• 1943 – Colin Baker, British actor
• 1943 – William Calley, American war criminal
• 1943 – Willie Davenport, American athlete (d. 2002)
• 1944 – Mark Belanger, American baseball player (d. 1998)
• 1944 – Annie Haslam, English painter and singer (Renaissance)
• 1944 – Marc Ouellet, Archbishop of Quebec City
• 1944 – Boz Scaggs, American singer and songwriter
• 1946 – Alan Scarfe, British-born Canadian actor
• 1947 – Eric F. Wieschaus, American biologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1949 – Emanuel Ax, Polish-born pianist
• 1949 – Jeffrey Mylett, American actor (d. 1986)
• 1950 – Kathy Baker, American actress
• 1950 – Sonia Braga, Brazilian actress
• 1951 – Bonnie Tyler, Welsh singer and guitarist
• 1951 – Tony Rice, American acoustic guitarist
• 1953 – Olav Stedje, Norwegian singer-songwriter
• 1953 – Ad Tak, Dutch cyclist
• 1954 – Sergei Storchak, Russian deputy finance minister
• 1955 – Tim Berners-Lee, English internet developer
• 1955 – Griffin Dunne, American actor
• 1955 – Greg Ginn, American guitarist (Black Flag)
• 1956 – Udo Bullmann, German politician
• 1957 – Scott Adams, American cartoonist
• 1957 – Dimple Kapadia, Indian actress
• 1957 – Don Robinson, American baseball player
• 1958 – Keenen Ivory Wayans, American actor and director
• 1960 – Mick Hucknall, English singer and songwriter (Simply Red)
• 1960 – Thomas Steen, Swedish hockey player
• 1962 – John Gibbons, American Baseball Player/Manager
• 1962 – Nick Rhodes, English musician (Duran Duran)
• 1962 – Kristine W, American musician
• 1963 – Keti Garbi, Greek singer
• 1964 – Butch Reynolds, American former 400m runner
• 1965 – Kevin Farley, American actor
• 1965 – Rob Pilatus, German-American singer and dancer (d. 1998)
• 1965 – Chris Chavis, American professional wrestler
• 1966 – Julianna Margulies, American actress
• 1966 – Doris Pearson, singer (Five Star)
• 1968 – Rob Ray, Canadian hockey player
• 1969 – J.P. Manoux, American actor
• 1969 – Marcos Siega, American director
• 1969 – David Sutcliffe, Canadian actor
• 1970 – Gabrielle Giffords, American politician
• 1970 – Teresa Strasser, American Morning Radio Host
• 1970 – Seu Jorge, Brazilian musician and actor
• 1970 – Kelli Williams, American actress
• 1970 – Troy Vincent, American footballer
• 1971 – Mark Feuerstein, American actor
• 1972 – Troy Duffy, American director (The Boondock Saints)
• 1972 – Christian Mayrleb, Austrian footballer
• 1973 – Lexa Doig, Canadian actress
• 1973 – Bryant Reeves, American basketball player
• 1973 – Lucija Šerbedžija, Croatian actress
• 1975 – Bryan McCabe, Canadian hockey player
• 1975 – Shilpa Shetty, Indian actress
• 1976 – Lindsay Davenport, American tennis player
• 1976 – Kenji Johjima, Japanese baseball player
• 1976 – Trish Goff, American model
• 1977 – Kanye West, American rapper
• 1978 – Eun Ji Won, South Korean rapper (Sechs Kies)
• 1978 – Maria Menounos, American actress and television host
• 1979 – Pete Orr, Canadian baseball player
• 1979 – Derek Trucks, American guitarist
• 1979 – Adine Wilson, New Zealand netball player
• 1981 – Alex Band, American singer (The Calling)
• 1981 – Matteo Meneghello, Italian racing driver
• 1981 – Ai Nonaka, Japanese voice actor
• 1981 – Sara Watkins, American fiddler
• 1981 – Jess Weixler, American actress
• 1982 – Matteo Barbini, Italian rugby player
• 1982 – Dickson Etuhu, Nigerian footballer
• 1982 – Irina Lazareanu, Romanian/Canadian model
• 1982 – Nadia Petrova, Russian tennis player
• 1983 – Kim Clijsters, Belgian tennis player
• 1983 – Lee Harding, Australian punk rock singer
• 1983 – Pantelis Kapetanos, Greek footballer
• 1983 – Mamoru Miyano, Japanese voice actor
• 1984 – Andrea Casiraghi, Monagasque royalty
• 1984 – Javier Mascherano, Argentine footballer
• 1985 – Alexandre Despatie, Canadian diver
• 1986 – Patrick Kaleta, American hockey player
• 1986 – Michael Cammalleri, Canadian hockey player
• 1987 – Coralie Balmy, French swimmer

Deaths

• 218 – Macrinus, Roman Emperor (b. 165)
• 632 – Muhammad, Prophet of Islam (b. 570)
• 1042 – Harthacanute, King of Denmark and England (b. 1018)
• 1376 – Edward, the Black Prince, son of Edward III of England (b. 1330)
• 1383 – Thomas de Ros, 5th Baron de Ros, English Crusader (b. 1338)
• 1384 – Kanami, Japanese actor (b. 1333)
• 1476 – George Neville, English archbishop and statesman (b. 1432)
• 1505 – Hongzhi, Emperor of China (b. 1470)
• 1611 – Jean Bertaut, French poet (b. 1552)
• 1612 – Hans Leo Hassler, German composer (b. 1562)
• 1621 – Anne de Xainctonge, French saint (b. 1567)
• 1628 – Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (b. 1547)
• 1714 – Sophia of Hanover, heir to the throne of Great Britain (b. 1630)
• 1716 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine (b. 1658)
• 1727 – August Hermann Francke, German Protestant minister (b. 1663)
• 1768 – Johann Joachim Winckelmann, German scholar and archaeologist (b. 1717)
• 1771 – George Montague-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax, English statesman (b. 1716)
• 1795 – King Louis XVII of France (b. 1785)
• 1809 – Thomas Paine, American revolutionary and writer (b. 1737)
• 1835 – Gian Domenico Romagnosi, Italian physicist (b. 1761)
• 1845 – Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United States (b. 1767)
• 1857 – Douglas William Jerrold, British playwright and satirist (b. 1803)
• 1874 – Cochise, Apache leader
• 1876 – George Sand, French author (b. 1804)
• 1885 – Ignace Bourget, Bishop of Montreal (b. 1799)
• 1889 – Gerard Manley Hopkins, English Poet(b. 1844)
• 1924 – Andrew Irvine, English mountain climber (b. 1902)
• 1924 – George Leigh Mallory, English mountain climber (b. 1886)
• 1929 – Bliss Carman, Canadian poet (b. 1861)
• 1945 – Karl Hanke, Nazi official (b. 1903)
• 1951 – Eugène Fiset, Canadian military officer and politician (b. 1874)
• 1956 – Marie Laurencin, French painter (b. 1883)
• 1965 – Edmondo Rossoni, Italian fascist (b. 1884)
• 1966 – Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer (b. 1890)
• 1969 – Robert Taylor, American actor (b. 1911)
• 1970 – Abraham Maslow, American psychologist (b. 1908)
• 1972 – Jimmy Rushing, American blues singer (b. 1901)
• 1980 – Ernst Busch, German singer and actor (b. 1900)
• 1982 – Satchel Paige, American baseball player (b. 1906)
• 1984 – Gordon Jacob, English composer (b. 1895)
• 1993 – Root Boy Slim, American entertainer (b. 1945)
• 1997 – George Turner, Australian author (b. 1916)
• 1998 – Sani Abacha, President of Nigeria (b. 1943)
• 1998 – Maria Reiche, German-born mathematician and archaeologist (b. 1903)
• 2000 – Jeff MacNelly, American political cartoonist (b. 1948)
• 2003 – Leighton Rees, Welsh darts player (b. 1940)
• 2004 – Mack Jones, American baseball player (b. 1938)
• 2006 – Robert Donner, American actor (b. 1931)
• 2006 – Abouna Matta El Meskeen, Coptic Orthodox monk (b. 1919)
• 2007 – Kenny Olsson, Swedish speedway racer (b. 1977)
• 2007 – Richard Rorty, American postanalytic, pragmatic philosopher (b. 1931)
• 2008 – Šaban Bajramović, Serbian Romani musician (b. 1936)
• 2009 – Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (b. 1935)

Holidays and observances

• Bounty Day (Norfolk Island)
• Christian Feast Day
  • Saint Audomar, Bishop of Thérouanne, confessor (Translation day)
  • Chlodulf of Metz
  • Medard
  • William of York
  • June 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Lindisfarne Day, commemorating the Viking raid on Lindisfarne in 793. (Germanic Neopaganism)
• Province Day (Temotu Province)
• The second day of the Vestalia. (Roman Empire)
• World Brain Tumor Day
• World Oceans Day (International)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada